Afairy(alsofaery,faerie,fay,fae; euphemisticallywee folk,good folk,people of peace,fair folk, etc.)is a type of mythical being or legendary creature, a form of spirit, often described as metaphysical, supernaturalor pretenatural Fairies resemble various beings of mythologies, though even folklorethat uses the termfairyoffers many definitions. Sometimes the term describes any magicalcreature, including goblinsor gnomes: at other times, the term only describes a specific type of more etherealcreature.
The word
fairyderives from Middle english
faierie(also
fayerye,
feirie,
fairie), a direct borrowing from Old French f
aerie(Modern French
féerie) meaning the land, realm, or characteristic activity (i.e. enchantment) of the legendary people of folklore and romance called (in Old French)
faieor
fee(Modern French
fée). This derived ultimately from Late Latin
fata(one of the personified Fates, hence a guardian or tutelary spirit, hence a spirit in general); cf. Italian
fata, Spanish
hadaof the same origin.
Fata, although it became a feminine noun in the Romance languages, was originally the neuter plural ("the Fates") of
fatum, past participle of the verb
farito speak, hence "thing spoken, decision, decree" or "prophetic declaration, prediction", hence "destiny, fate". It was used as the equivalent of the Greek Μοῖραι
Morai, the personified Fates who determined the course and ending of human life.To the word
faiewas added the suffix
-erie(Modern English
-(e)ry), used to express either a place where something is found (fishery, heronry, nunnery) or a trade or typical activity engaged in by a person (cookery, midwifery, thievery).
In later usage it generally applied to any kind of quality or activity associated with a particular sort of person, as in English knavery, roguery, witchery, wizardry.Faiebecame Modern Englishfay"a fairy"; the word is, however, rarely used, although it is well known as part of the name of the legendary sorceress Morgan Le Fay of Arthurian legend.Faieriebecamefairy, but with that spelling now almost exclusively referring to one of the legendary people, with the same meaning asfay. In the sense "land where fairies dwell", the distinctive and archaic spellingsFaeryandFaerieare often used.Faeryis also used in the sense of "a fairy", and the back-formationfae, as an equivalent or substitute forfayis now sometimes seen.The wordfey, originally meaning "fated to die" or "having forebodings of death" (hence "visionary", "mad", and various other derived meanings) is completely unrelated, being from Old Englishfæge, Proto-Germanic*faigja- and Proto-Indu-European*poikyo-, whereas Latinfatacomes from the Indo-European root *bhã- "speak". Due to the identical pronunciation of the two words, "fay" is sometimes misspelled "fey"